Container disk 2 vm. diskutil lis.

Container disk 2 vm. Jan 21, 2023 · I am confused by the notions of partitions, containers and volume. This virtual machine uses a containerdisk image, that is, the root disk of the VM is a container just like those in Pods. Each volume uses only part of the overall container, so the available space is the total size of the container Apr 12, 2021 · I solved this by: 1. A container is similar to a partition, but it has virtual divisions called Volumes which all share the storage allocated to the container. 8361. Once the container image is built and pushed to an Azure container registry, it can be used to create a virtual machine in Operator Nexus. As such, it doesn’t persist changes but enables fairly easy pulls from a registry such as quay. May 9, 2024 · If you want to reduce the space occupied by other volumes in container, then don’t miss this post that introduces useful ways for you to securely clear other volumes in container on Mac. Macintosh HD will be disk1s2 and Macintosh HD - Data will be disk1s1). VMs offer full isolation, which limits damages caused by a breach, although the hypervisor remains a common target for attackers The default VM created by Colima has 2 CPUs, 2GiB memory and 100GiB storage. Specifically, you learn how to add a virtual disk to the container image. API Overview With the installation of KubeVirt, new types are added to the Kubernetes API to manage Mar 8, 2022 · List the containers: pct list Stop the particular container you want to increase: pct stop 999 Find out it's path on the node: lvdisplay | grep "LV Path\|LV Size" For good measure one can run a file system check: e2fsck -fy /dev/pve/vm-999-disk-0 Increase the file system: resize2fs /dev/pve/vm-999-disk-0 200G Increase the local volume using lvresize lvresize --size 200G volume_group/logical Sep 28, 2016 · Many companies are already moving their legacy applications to Docker containers and now with the introduction of the Microsoft Windows Server 2016, Docker Engine can now run containers natively on Windows. Chapter 10. Say for instance you create a VM with a 32GB hard disk, and after installing the guest system OS, the root file system of the VM contains 3 GB of data. Oct 3, 2017 · Can my disk contain more than one APFS Container? Yes, a disk can have one or more APFS Containers. At the end, it is a virtual machine. When i has setup the LXC i used mount point for share the space between the lxc. Also I love ZFS ! But I did read that write amplification will hurt your ssd if you install ZFS vm inside ZFS hypervisor Sep 3, 2025 · Azure Container Storage is a cloud-based volume management, deployment, and orchestration service built natively for containers. io/kubevirt/cirros-container-disk-demo. Feb 13, 2022 · I am trying to locate the virtual machine files. In a VM, you need to decide upfront, is this a VM with 1,2,4 + CPUs, does it need 1,2,4,8,16+ GB of RAM, do I need 100GB or more disk? Apr 28, 2025 · When you select a node size for an Azure Batch pool, you can choose from almost all the VM sizes available in Azure. Nov 10, 2024 · Among the configurations with containers running on top of VMs, Docker on KVM-based VM, LXC on Xen-based VM, Docker on Xen-based VM, and LXC on KVM-based VM proved to be the optimal choice in terms of CPU, memory, disk, and network performance, respectively. Learning how to resize Proxmox disk space properly ensures you can handle storage expansion and reduction on both LXC containers and VMs without data loss. Files are then visible from both sides. Where to look and what to look? (Sorry newbie on proxmox) dir: local path /var/lib/vz content backup,vztmpl,iso zfspool: local-zfs pool rpool/data content images,rootdir sparse 1 zfspool: SSD01 I bought a 4 TB WD Red disk for data storage. Azure offers a range of sizes for Linux and Windows VMs for different workloads. 3 MB disk0s1 2 Jun 11, 2019 · Posted on Jun 11, 2019 2:04 PM It is normal for APFS file system which is what is used on Mojave. Is there a video demo of all this? Yes. Checking disk consistency and snapshot presence. Containers utilize OS kernels for more resource-efficient and quicker start times, as well as optimized disk and memory usage. I have 1 SATA 2 TB HDD connected to Proxmox host using USB 3. Mar 10, 2023 · A disk image file in one of the supported formats, such as qcow2, raw, vmdk, or vhd Sufficient free disk space on the storage where you want to import the disk Importing a Disk on Proxmox VM Follow the steps below to import a disk on a Proxmox VM: Open a shell session on the Proxmox server and log in as root. (If a container has snapshots, it may take longer to complete the conversion. Upgrading to the latest version of FSLogix adds the VHD disk compaction operation to the sign out process and reduces the storage inside the user's containers. A CVM extends the traditional VM concept to also protect the workload from the host/platform. Any published image will automatically be made available in connected clusters after the installation of OpenShift Virtualization Users push VM disks into the container registry using a KubeVirt base image designed to work with the Registry Disk feature. Incus VM on Raspberry PI4 stgraber (Stéphane Graber) July 15, 2024, 10:13pm 2 Nov 18, 2016 · Nutanix basics - How to find Virtual Machine disk location on Nutanix Acropolis (aka Nutanix AHV). The disks are pulled from the container registry and reside on the local node hosting the VMs that consume the disks. 2 days ago · This article shows you how to configure Azure Container Storage to use local NVMe disk as back-end storage for your Kubernetes workloads. edit usb_thin or whatever the dead drive was called to a storage pool that exists. : We may want to move this VM Disk on a container with De-Dupliction Disabled. get <vm-name> and look for the sour This document shows you how to create a Windows virtual machine (VM) that boots from an ISO using VM Runtime on GDC. Enlarge the partition (s) in the virtual disk Depending on the installed guest there is several diffent ways to resize the partions Offline for all guests Use gparted or similar tool (recommended) In gparted and possibly most other tools, LVM and Windows dynamic disc is not supported Boot the virtual machine with gparted or similar tool, enlarge the partion and optionally the file system Aug 22, 2024 · Next steps Create a virtual machine by attaching a managed disk as OS disk For more information on the Azure CLI, see Azure CLI documentation. Virtual machines | Virtualization | OpenShift Container Platform | 4. Looking at a recent mac with default setup, inside disk utility, I see 1 disk, 1 partition, 1 container and 2 volumes. Hi, I am trying to create a VM using the v3 API and have a question about creating the vdisks. Macintosh HD is one of the four Volumes in that container. 1 release notes This documentation is for a release that is no Jun 17, 2022 · This guide explains how to backup Proxmox containers and virtual machines to an external USB drive and how to restore them from the backup. To relocate a virtual machine’s disk to a different container on the same AHV cluster, following steps are required Build an operating system image into a container disk and upload it to your container registry. Sep 10, 2025 · Azure Container Storage is a cloud-based volume management, deployment, and orchestration service built natively for containers. Before you begin To complete this document, you need access to the following resources: Access to Google Oct 15, 2024 · Kubernetes has become the go-to platform for managing containerized applications in modern cloud environments, offering powerful orchestration capabilities to deploy, scale, and manage containers Mar 13, 2023 · Option 1: Run the virtual machine on a hypervisor, manage the VM in the old school way. Oct 27, 2020 · So I am trying to do pretty much the same as in this thread, but instead of mounting the disk to a VM, mount it to a container. --cpu, --memory, --disk, --runtime. . NVMe is designed for high-speed data transfer between storage and CPU, providing extremely high IOPS and throughput. May 5, 2025 · This tutorial looks at how to passthrough a disk in Proxmox! There are a few ways that you can pass through a disk in Proxmox to a VM or container! To install these drivers to a Windows virtual machine, attach the container-native-virtualization/virtio-win container disk to the virtual machine as a SATA CD drive in the virtual machine configuration file. This means you can: Run VMs as easily as you run containers. Replication copies Sep 15, 2025 · Confidential VMs A confidential VM (CVM) is a VM which utilizes hardware and software capabilities to provide data confidentiality guarantees. Dec 18, 2019 · Of all the volumes and containers, the Finder normally only shows those coloured blue, even when you reveal hidden items. (The performance of this stage depends on the Internet speed. 12 | Red Hat Documentation The container-native-virtualization/virtio-win container disk must be attached to the virtual machine as a SATA CD drive to enable driver installation. I followed the steps but was unable to find it in the containers terminal and also my disk wouldnt show up in the resources of proxmox's webgui. So there are no files you can see or copy. volumes. Dev container has 60GB disk size and prod is 100GB. To make it even easier, there’s a new prototyping tool for Windows VMs that shows you how to replicate a VM Image to a container. If your container registry does not have TLS, configure your environment to disable TLS for your registry. Is there a reason why there are 2 different containers being Once the image is ready it is necessary to convert it to container image with kubevirt/container-disk-v1alpha layer, so KubeVirt VM's can consume it according to https://github. 3. ) Installing kernel and grub. or something like that, still don't know. 1. This disk persists across VM reboots, and so is a great option for stateful workloads or those that need to persist data. Aug 14, 2020 · Useful when the virtual machine or the container is deleted but the virtual disk/folders/storage are sill there 1 Login to Proxmox VE terminal or via SSH or Shell from web gui 2 Use following command to list all items zfs list -t all or zfs list Output NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT rpool 83. Documentation for KubeVirtVirtual Machines Instances The VirtualMachineInstance type conceptionally has two parts: Information for making scheduling decisions Information about the virtual machine API Every VirtualMachineInstance object represents a single running virtual machine instance. 8 to 2. Would appreciate if someone can guide me to the right direction. I’m a beginner in LXD and I’m wondering if it’s possible and how to attach a disk image (vdi/qcow2/vmdk) to an empty VM. 2-11 and two LXC containers, one per environment - dev (101) and prod (100). But it is managed like a Pod and orchestrated via Kubernetes. May 25, 2010 · I was under the impression that the same Container disk should be shown in both the normal and recovery mode for the disk utility. Try our MacKeeper app now and approximate your successful deletion of Other Volumes in a Container on Mac. Create a VM with the container disk as the disk source by using the web console or the command line. I had been testing Mojave on a separate disk partition before upgrading, probably where the second Container disk occurred. This container and the additional volume are backed up by PBS. 7. Oct 18, 2017 · So I look in Disk Utility, and I see something called Container disk1 and Inside it, I found something called VM. The hypervisor is the key to enabling virtualization. Like a Pod’s container image, the containerdisk does not persist any changes made to it by --push Push the container disk image to the registry --raw Just convert the container to virtual machine image without installing anything more -s, --size string The output image size (default "10G") --split-boot Split the boot partition from the root partition May 1, 2022 · In step 5 you should not use DU > View > Show all devices and Container disk 1 device > Restore using Macintosh HD in Container disk 2, because this will provide result similar to asr restore command from GitHub Gist (i. 4G /rpool rpool/subvol-110-disk-0 473M 7. Red Hat implementation of golden images Copy linkLink copied to clipboard! Red Hat publishes golden images as container disks in the registry for versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). Blockdevices you can only work with when using the CLI commands (for example lvs or zfs list) or when working with them using the "/dev/" paths (like working with real physical disks). com/kubevirt/kubevirt/blob/main/docs/container-register-disks. At the end, you'll have a pod that's using local NVMe as its storage. You can also create a Windows VM from a prepared disk image using an HTTP source or from Cloud Storage. I can specify the disk details (size, type, etc. 9 on VMware! 🚀 In this tutorial, I’ll walk you through the full upgrade process, highlight the new containers Oct 15, 2021 · The way to solve this problem, using Clonezilla, is to setup the cloning operation using the “Expert Mode” to modify certain advanced settings from their default so that Disk Utility commands will work as expected to resize the APFS container on the newly cloned SSD. This guide provides practical commands to analyze Proxmox storage from the Linux command line, identify space usage by virtual machines and containers, detect unaccounted storage space, and troubleshoot common storage issues to help optimize your Proxmox environment. devices. Jul 15, 2024 · Any containers were deployed and run on that storage successfully. Sep 8, 2024 · VMs vs. In this post, we will see how to move a Proxmox VM or container to a different disk. This article shows you how to configure Azure Container Storage to use Ephemeral Disk with local NVMe and volume replication as back-end storage for your Kubernetes workloads. e. Containers: Breaking Down the Differences 1. Apr 21, 2023 · In my previous post, we discussed creating a VM template in Proxmox . Second, disks are added to the VM by specifying them in spec. md Jan 29, 2019 · I was able to use Disk Utility and re-partition the SSD to a single partition with one Container disk of 1TB hosting my iMac HD1; it is still labeled Container disk2 though. After the images are available in a Learn step-by-step how to upgrade Cisco Modeling Labs (CML) from version 2. 3 GB disk0 1: Apple_APFS_ISC Container disk1 524. Bootable Disk If either URL or Container are selected as the Source in the General step, a rootdisk disk is created and attached to the virtual machine as the Bootable Disk. Proxmox Virtual Environment (VE) is an open-source Type-1 hypervisor based on Debian Linux, capable of hosting both VMs and Linux containers (LXC). The disks are configured as follows: Raid 1 (Disk 1 + Disk 2) [320gb each] - Proxmox installed Raid 1 (Disk 3 + Disk 4) [1tb each] + HDD (Disk 5) [1tb] = totalizing 1. Option 2: Run them via KubeVirt. Manage containers and VMs together using the same standard tooling. x) to use Ephemeral Disk with local NVMe as back-end storage for your Kubernetes workloads. In that case only 3GB are written to the storage, even if the guest VM sees a 32GB hard drive. Virtual Machine: It runs on top of an emulating software called the hypervisor which sits between the hardware and the virtual machine. Sep 17, 2025 · In this article, you learn how to create a container image that can be used to create a virtual machine in Operator Nexus. Any published image will automatically be made available in connected clusters Hello to everyone, one month ago i configure for the first time an proxmox server. I could not pass through the whole HBA controller - it's critical for Proxmox operation. It runs independently using a layer of software called a hypervisor, which facilitates the execution of multiple operating systems on a single physical host. 2. First, volumes are specified in spec. Additional virtual machine and managed disks CLI script samples can be found in the Azure Linux VM documentation. How to Delete Other Volumes in a Container on Mac If you prefer to avoid tedious troubleshooting, MacKeeper's Safe Cleanup feature can remove unnecessary data, including cache files, unneeded languages, and more. As far as I know, that could mean Virtual Machine I want to know why this is on my computer, and whether its the reason I can't clone my hard drive or not, and I want to know how to get rid of it! can anyone help???? Jan 6, 2019 · I used to have a bootcamp partition but somehow while attempting to remove it its changed into a container disk. You can install VirtIO drivers during Windows installation on the virtual machine or added to an existing Windows installation. Any published image will automatically be made available in connected clusters after the installation of OpenShift Virtualization. Upon further inspection a Volume called "VM" was taking 319,04 GB of space. Add, delete, or erase APFS volumes in Disk Utility on Mac Apple File System (APFS) allocates disk space on demand. conf or whatever number your container is. It was working non stop for 6 days without a problem and i had to shutdown and reboot PVE today for Sep 25, 2021 · But what are the actual differences? 1) Containers are not statically assigned hardware resources, which means you don't need to think about how many CPUs, RAM, disk your application needs to be physically assigned. Cloud Native Storage (CNS) integrates vSphere and Kubernetes and offers capabilities to create and manage container volumes in vSphere environment. 18. Mar 31, 2025 · Use the VHD disk compaction feature to shrink the container In 2210 (2. Jul 20, 2018 · 0 On my server, i have 5 disks. (don't know how this happened, I didn't explicitly create a container). The downside however is that this image will need to be pulled each time you create a new VM. The others are Preboot, VM, and Recovery. Container Service Extension (CSE) Integrated container capabilities help cloud providers address the changing application landscape, where 95% of new apps in 2020 are using containers and their growing customer base (30% CAGR) wants digital and application transformation. 52623) and later versions of FSLogix, VHD disk compaction is enabled by default. It is added to system and Frigate LXC container is only user of it for NVR storage. Apr 5, 2022 · Is there a way to mount a directory that lives on a disk on the proxmox host and into a container or VM? What I mean is that I have a directory /mnt/tank/whatever on the proxmox host (ZFS dataset), and I'd like that directory to be accessible at /whatever from within a container or a VM on the proxmox host. Asking about the differences between a VM and a CVM is a bit misleading, because a CVM is an extension of a VM. Red Hat publishes golden images as container disks in the registry for versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). When a single APFS container (partition) has multiple volumes, the container’s free space is shared and can be allocated to any of the individual volumes as needed. Sep 28, 2021 · Preboot Recovery VM Ref: Boot disk layout on Intel and M1 Macs: High Sierra to Big Sur - The Eclectic Light Company Your Mac's internal drive has, at least, two issues based on the Disk Utility image: It has an additional Container (disk2), which shouldn't be there. However, VM does not start. x. Remove VMs, snapshots, and disks easily! May 29, 2020 · So I added the disk-1 (100G) to the contaner by taking space from the local storage VM1, the same in which VMS and container run I'd like now to send and sync the entire volume vm-104-disk-1 to cloud with rclone/sync. The first problem of my configuration is that i using a intel nuc that doesn't support an second disk. When the VM boots, you manually complete the Windows setup routine. Disk Utility goes a little bit further, but still only lists the visible volumes at the left. In this server principally i use docker, plex and nas with lxc. Jan 23, 2025 · Hyper-V isolation This isolation mode offers enhanced security and broader compatibility between host and container versions. With Hyper-V isolation, multiple container instances run concurrently on a host; however, each container runs inside of a highly optimized virtual machine and effectively gets its own kernel. I have a Docker container running but it's giving me a disk space warning. Operation ¶ The container-to-virtual-machine conversion consists of 11 stages: Checking the configuration of the container to be converted. Infrastructure as a Service - The CNCF Way Kubernetes + KubeVirt + storage + network = Infrastructure as a Service Jan 7, 2023 · I have Proxmox 7. You can modify the rootdisk but you cannot remove it. In This Dec 10, 2020 · Preparation of the environment Running containerized VMs in KubeVirt uses the containerDisk feature which provides the ability to store and distributed VM disks in the container image registry. edit /etc/pve/lxc/100. domain. So I created a ct crun-vm is an OCI Runtime that enables Podman, Docker, and Kubernetes to run QEMU-compatible Virtual Machine (VM) images. find the line rootfs: usb_thin:vm-111-disk-0,size=16G. 2. (I don't have enough money for a second one yet) I read the wiki and passed through the 4 TB drive for a TrueNAS VM. However, the right side of disk utility says "Shared by 5 volumes" so I am guessing there are 3 hidden volumes? What are these 3 hidden volumes? Then I try to understand how this structure is reflected on the Feb 24, 2024 · Importantly, this VM uses a so-called container disk, which is similar to a container image in the world of KubeVirt virtual machines. Specifically I want to launch a VM and run a Home Assistant image. 3G 366G 82. Jan 8, 2024 · The imageName of the container-disk container corresponds to the virtual machine image name recorded in the VMI. Jul 9, 2018 · Unless you are using a logging driver other than the default json_file logging driver with its default unlimited max-size, your container logs may grow large and fill up either your host machine's disk (Linux host machine) or your docker machine VM's disk (macOS host machine and probably also Windows). Jun 22, 2016 · Back to the docker ps -s output; The "size" information shows the amount of data (on disk) that is used for the writable layer of each container The "virtual size" is the total amount of disk-space used for the read-only image data used by the container and the writable layer. Copy linkLink copied to clipboard! Red Hat publishes golden images as container disks in the registry for versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). 54G 473M /rpool/subvol-110-disk-0 rpool/subvol Sep 13, 2023 · Hello everyone I am planning to use Truenas as a VM inside Proxmox. ) Creating a target virtual Aug 20, 2022 · Running out of space in Proxmox local disk? No problem! This guide explains how to move your Proxmox Containers and VMs to a different disk. 1 Cloud native is the platform you need. Finally, a reference to the specified volume is added to the disk specification by name. CNS consists of the two components, CNS component in vCenter Server and a vSphere volume driver in Kubernetes, called vSphere Container Storage Plug-in . How can I increase the container's space and start again? (The same container) Let's say I want to give like 15gb. For resolve this i using a single SSD from 1TB. Container disks are virtual machine images that are stored as a container image in a container image registry. Learn about Proxmox VE, including its support for full VM and container-based virtualization, cluster management, compute and storage options, networking capabilities, monitoring tools, and data protection strategies. $ diskutil list /dev/disk0 (internal, physical): #: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER 0: GUID_partition_scheme *500. Aug 6, 2022 · So, is it possible to create a container-disk image based on Ubuntu and run it as a VirtualMachineInstance in a Kubernetes cluster using KubeVirt? What are the full steps? Jul 20, 2025 · Managing storage in Proxmox VE can be challenging, especially when disk space usage doesn’t match expectations. NOTE: This guide is meant for QEMU/KVM based Virtual Machines, not for Container. Passthrough Physical Disk to Virtual Machine (VM) By adding the raw physical device to the Virtual machine, you can test installers and other disk repair tools that work with disk controllers like ddrescue, Clonezilla or Ubuntu Rescue Remix. g. I have connected Storage Box from Hetzner in order to have backups for each container. 4. I want to get the information which vm’s are stored in a specific storage container with acli on cvm. disks. e. Jun 27, 2021 · Granted I haven’t extensively searched much yet, but also I’m getting quite confused with different results I found so far. Once the virt-launcher pod is created, kubelet retrieves the container-disk image and initiates the container-disk container. I plan to deploy more VM's or containers running extra services, as I mentioned OpenShift Container Platform Installing container-native virtualization Installing the virtctl client Resuming a node from maintenance mode Manually refreshing TLS certificates Installing VirtIO driver on an existing Windows virtual machine Installing VirtIO driver on a new Windows virtual machine Container-native virtualization 2. Oct 31, 2024 · Optimizing Proxmox: Balancing System Files, VMs, and Containers on One Disk Proxmox is a powerful open-source platform for managing virtual machines (VMs) and containers, and it’s particularly … May 12, 2022 · Learn how to delete a virtual machine in Proxmox via GUI or using the command line. I tried to do test run of backup job and it failed on dev May 8, 2023 · I noticed my disk usage creep up for no apparent reason for the past few months until I started constantly running out of disk space on my M1 Pro. The VM can be customized either by passing additional flags to colima start. When we’re running a virtual machine, one of the key guarantees is that the guest cannot (without permission) access or affect the host. 9. Jun 24, 2017 · I currently have a container that has an additional volume for persistent data storage, which has about 80G of data on it. 4 days ago · Hello Everyone. Jul 21, 2023 · Seems that the easiest way would be to create a disk, mount it in the container that runs samba and expose it, to then mount it in proxmox itself to share with with other containers. Select a bootable container, though, and it reveals the VM volume, and the fact that two volumes aren’t mounted. Apr 1, 2025 · Get an overview Azure managed disks, which handle the storage accounts for you when you're using virtual machines. 0 with external power supply. Nutanix offers a distributed storage fabric, which forms a large storage pool across “N” number of nodes. ) in the create VM call, but don't seem to be able to specify the storage container to use. The latest base container image is kubevirt/container-disk-v1alpha. Nutanix Support & InsightsLoading Persistent Storage for Virtual Machines Previous examples have used a small virtual machine running the CirrOS operating system. This article shows you how to configure Azure Container Storage (version 1. Did I do something Jul 12, 2025 · Virtual machines and Containers are two ways of deploying multiple, isolated services on a single platform. we then create containers for different types of workloads or we can Jun 2, 2022 · This clones an existing DataVolume, or an externally-hosted disk image in to a new Persistent Volume and attaches it to the VM. My planned usage is hosting handful of VMs and containers, and I want to share some files and do backups. Hi!We are running about 100 vm’s in our cluster - so find out a specific information manually for each vm is pretty hard. How They Work VMs: Each VM includes its own OS, Hypervisor, and virtual hardware, making them quite heavy in terms of resources Containers Oct 31, 2019 · In some scenarios, we might have a need to find the disks associated with a virtual machine hosted on a Nutanix AHV Cluster. Thank you! Apr 9, 2025 · Containers and virtual machines (VMs) are different approaches to packaging and deploying applications/services in isolated environments. Feb 2, 2021 · VM disks aren't files ontop of a filesystem but are blockdevices (zvols or LVs) if you are using ZFS or LVM/LVM-thin as the storage. Is this correct? The only work around that I've found is to use Oct 21, 2019 · There are times, when we need to move a vm disk to a different container on the same AHV Cluster. May 3, 2025 · A virtual machine is a full emulation of a physical computer, including its own operating system, system libraries, and application code. I created a pool, configured SMB, everything is working fine. diskutil lis Aug 22, 2025 · Running out of disk space on Proxmox containers and virtual machines happens more often than you might expect. then pct destroy 100 works or in the Proxmox GUI destroy works too. 82tb grouped - Proxmox Storage LVM-thin The disks where proxmox was installed are damaged! I replaced the disk and reinstalled the proxmox. For e. I know that i could perform acli vm. vn j3uqwm gpq 1kiqy enw8 io si fgax5 st qcqsq